Testosterone &
Hormone Panel
What Is a Testosterone & Hormone Panel?
A testosterone and hormone panel is a blood test — or set of blood tests — that assesses the sex hormone axis: the network of hormones produced by the gonads, adrenal glands, and regulated by signals from the pituitary and hypothalamus. It goes well beyond a single testosterone reading to give a comprehensive picture of how your hormonal system is functioning and where any dysfunction originates.
Testosterone is the primary androgen in both men and women. In men, it drives muscle mass, bone density, libido, mood, energy, and sperm production. In women, it contributes to libido, energy, and wellbeing at levels approximately ten times lower than in men. But total testosterone alone tells only part of the story — much of it is bound to proteins and biologically inactive. Free testosterone, which is unbound and available to act on tissues, is often the more clinically relevant marker, particularly in people who have symptoms despite a seemingly normal total testosterone.
SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin) determines how much testosterone is free versus bound. LH and FSH — the pituitary signals — reveal whether a hormonal problem originates in the glands themselves or in the brain's regulatory system. Oestradiol is critical in both men and women for bone health, cardiovascular protection, and mood. DHEA-S reflects adrenal androgen production, which declines with age and stress.
Hormone disorders are strikingly common and strikingly underdiagnosed. An estimated 1 in 5 men over 45 has clinically low testosterone, yet the majority have never been tested. Many women experience significant hormonal disruption — from PCOS to perimenopause — without ever receiving a comprehensive hormone assessment. A full panel changes that.
What Does a Hormone Panel Include?
The total amount of testosterone in the blood — both bound and unbound. The primary screening marker for hypogonadism in men and androgen excess in women. Must be measured in a morning fasting sample for accuracy due to significant diurnal variation. A low result on its own is not sufficient for diagnosis — free testosterone and LH/FSH are needed to complete the picture.
The biologically active fraction of testosterone — unbound and available to act on tissues. Can be measured directly or calculated from total testosterone and SHBG. Often more clinically informative than total testosterone, particularly in men with elevated SHBG (common with ageing, obesity, or liver disease) who may have low free testosterone despite a normal total reading.
Sex hormone-binding globulin — a protein that binds testosterone (and oestradiol), rendering it biologically inactive. High SHBG reduces the amount of free, active testosterone available to tissues. SHBG rises with age, liver disease, and hyperthyroidism; it falls with obesity, insulin resistance, and hypothyroidism. Essential for interpreting total testosterone results accurately.
Luteinising hormone — the pituitary signal that drives testosterone production in men (via Leydig cells) and triggers ovulation in women. A low LH alongside low testosterone points to a pituitary or hypothalamic cause (secondary hypogonadism). A high LH alongside low testosterone suggests the testes or ovaries are failing to respond (primary hypogonadism). This distinction is critical for determining treatment.
Follicle-stimulating hormone — drives sperm production in men and follicle development in women. Elevated FSH in men indicates impaired spermatogenesis. In women, rising FSH is one of the earliest and most reliable markers of ovarian reserve decline and perimenopause. Used alongside LH to assess the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and fertility status.
The primary oestrogen — essential in both sexes for bone density, cardiovascular health, mood, and cognitive function. In men, excessively high oestradiol (often from aromatisation of testosterone) causes gynaecomastia, water retention, and suppresses testosterone production. In women, tracking oestradiol across the cycle and into menopause guides HRT decisions and fertility assessment.
Elevated prolactin (hyperprolactinaemia) suppresses the entire reproductive hormone axis — reducing LH, FSH, and testosterone or oestrogen production. Common causes include stress, certain medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics, metoclopramide), hypothyroidism, and pituitary adenomas. An important marker to rule out when testosterone or reproductive hormones are low.
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate — the most abundant adrenal androgen and a precursor to testosterone and oestrogens. Declines significantly with age (adrenopause), chronic stress, and adrenal dysfunction. Low DHEA-S is associated with fatigue, low mood, and reduced vitality. Elevated levels in women can contribute to androgen excess symptoms such as acne, hair loss, and irregular cycles.
When Should You Get a Hormone Panel?
What's Involved in Getting a Hormone Panel
A hormone panel requires only a small blood draw. Timing matters — testosterone in particular must be measured in the morning for meaningful results. Here is what the process will look like end to end when we launch.



What Do Your Hormone Results Mean?
Hormone results are most meaningful when interpreted as a pattern — the relationship between testosterone, SHBG, LH, FSH, and oestradiol tells a story that no single value can tell alone. Here are the key patterns and what they indicate.
